NOTE 10: STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

At December 31, 2018, the Company had 100,000,000 shares of common stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized, both with a par value of $0.0001 per share.

On September 13, 2018, the Company effectuated a reverse stock split (the “Reverse Split”) of its issued and outstanding common stock, preferred stock, warrants and options (collectively the “Equity Instruments”). As a result of the Reverse Split, each (2) units of Equity Instruments issued and outstanding prior to the Reverse Split were converted into one (1) unit of Equity Instrument.

Common Stock and Class A Units

On August 22, 2018, the Company issued 8,334 restricted shares of its common stock valued at $42,801 to a consultant for providing business advisory and consulting services, the expense was recorded as stock-based compensation expense.

On November 14, 2018, the Company consummated its IPO pursuant to which it sold a total of 2,670,000 Class A Units, each Unit consisting of one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and a Series A Warrant to purchase one share of common stock and a Series B Warrant to purchase one share of common stock, on an offer price of $5.00 for each unit of a share of common stock, a Series A Warrant and a Series B Warrant (“Class A Unit”). The Company received net proceeds from the IPO of $12,415,500 after deducting underwriting discounts and commission of $934,500. The Company incurred $743,765 in expenses related to the IPO.

Concurrent with the closing of the IPO on November 14, 2018, the following private transactions were consummated in accordance with the related agreements (Notes 6, 7, 8 and 9), all in transactions exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended:

On December 17, 2018, pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement dated November 8, 2018, by and between the Company and the underwriters named therein (the “Representative”), the Representative, on behalf of the underwriters, agreed to partially exercise the over-allotment option to purchase an additional 25,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.98 per share, 400,500 Series A Warrants, at a price of $0.01 per warrant and 400,500 Series B Warrants, at a price of $0.01 per warrant. The Company received net proceeds from the exercise of over-allotment option of $121,909 after deducting commission and expenses of $10,601.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 9,870,873 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. At December 31, 2017, the Company had 3,679,500 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.

Warrants

Placement Agent Warrants

The Company has issued warrants to the placement agents to purchase one share of its common stock at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. The warrants issued in its October 2016 Private Placement expire on October 17, 2021, and the warrants issued in its March 2018 Private Placement, May 2018 Private Placement and August 2018 Financing expire on September 4, 2023. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock or other securities issuable on exercise of such warrants are subject to customary adjustment in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation of the Company. As of December 31, 2018, and 2017, 45,775 warrants and 30,725 warrants, respectively, have been issued to the placement agents and are outstanding and are currently exercisable.

Class A Warrants

On January 25, 2016, the Company issued Class A Warrants to purchase 61,083 shares of common stock at a price of $12.00 per share through and including December 31, 2018.

No Class A Warrants were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and the Class A Warrants expired on December 31, 2018.

Class B Convertible Preferred Stock and Class B Warrants

On January 8, 2018, the Company offered for sale a minimum of 160,000 units and a maximum of 300,000 units to certain accredited investors, with each such unit consisting of (i) one-half (1/2) share of Company’s Class B Convertible Preferred Stock Class B Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001 per share, and (ii) one-half (1/2) of a Class B Warrant to purchase one-half (1/2) share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. On March 14, 2018, the Company sold 162,000 units at a $5.00 per unit purchase price for gross proceeds of $810,000 and received cash proceeds of $613,200, net of commissions of $64,800 earned by the placement agent on the capital raise, $128,000 in legal fees, and $4,000 in escrow fees. Each Class B Warrant has an initial exercise price of $12.00 per share, subject to adjustment, and was exercisable for a period of five (5) years from the date of issuance. An aggregate of 81,000 shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock and 81,000 Class B Warrants were issued. As this transaction met certain accounting criteria, the Class B Warrants were recorded in stockholders’ equity and were not accounted for as derivatives.

On May 2, 2018, the Company offered for sale 140,000 units with the same terms as the units sold in the earlier 2018 transaction, and on May 15, 2018, the Company sold all 140,000 for gross proceeds of $700,000, and received cash proceeds of $587,957, net of commissions and fees of $74,574 earned by the placement agent on capital raise, $33,469 in legal fees, and $4,000 in escrow fees. As this transaction met certain accounting criteria, the Class B Warrants are recorded in stockholders’ equity and were not accounted for as derivatives.

On August 28, 2018, the holders of the Company’s convertible debentures and the Company agreed to extend the maturity date of those debentures to September 30, 2018, and the holders received on a pro rata basis, 7,500 shares of the Company’s Class B Convertible Preferred Stock valued at $75,000 (Note 6).

On September 4, 2018, the Company issued to the six (6) promissory note holders an aggregate of 18,750 shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock valued at $187,500 pursuant to the August 31, 2018 financing agreement (Note 7).

On October 15, 2018, the holders of the convertible debentures were issued 15,000 shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock valued at $150,000 in exchange for extension of the maturity date of those debentures to October 15, 2018. This date was subsequently extended to the earlier of the closing of the Company’s IPO and November 15, 2018 for payment of an additional 15,000 shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock valued at $150,000 (Note 6).

The holders of the Class B Warrants did not exercise any of their warrants during the year ended December 31, 2018. Class B Warrants are exercisable at December 31, 2018 at the exercise price of $12.00 per share and such warrants expire between October 17, 2021 and May 15, 2023.

Concurrent with the closing of the IPO on November 14, 2018, the Company issued 1,366,768 unregistered Class A Units upon the conversion of outstanding shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock at a conversion price of $3.50 per Class A Unit. Included in Class A Units were 1,366,768 Series A Warrants and 1,366,768 Series B Warrants. The Series A Warrants were classified within equity and the Series B Warrants were classified as a warrant derivative with a fair value determined to be $1,872,271 on the date of issuance.

The Company had no shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock, 265,500 Class B Warrants, and 45,775 Placement Agent Warrants issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018. The Company had 198,875 shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock, 114,500 Class B Warrants, and 30,725 Placement Agent Warrants issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017.

The IPO and Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants issued thereunder

On November 14, 2018, the Company consummated its IPO whereby it sold a total of 2,670,000 Class A Units, each Unit consisting of one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and a Series A Warrant to purchase one share of common stock and a Series B Warrant to purchase one share of common stock, on an offer price of $5.00 for each unit of a share and a Series A Warrant and a Series B Warrant. The Company issued 2,670,000 Series A Warrants and 2,670,000 Series B warrants upon consummation of its IPO. The Series A Warrants were classified within equity and the Series B Warrants were classified as a warrant derivative with a fair value determined to be $3,657,507 on the date of issuance.

Concurrent with the closing of the IPO on November 14, 2018, the Company issued 1,366,768 Series A Warrants and 1,366,768 Series B Warrants upon the conversion of outstanding shares of Class B Convertible Preferred Stock. In addition, the Company issued 1,726,678 Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants upon the conversion of outstanding convertible debt instruments consisting of all principal amounts and accrued and unpaid interest through the date of the IPO (Note 6). The Company also issued 215,625 Series A Warrants and 215,625 Series B Warrants upon conversion of outstanding principal amount of the unsecured promissory notes (Note 7).

On December 17, 2018, pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement dated November 8, 2018, by and between the Company and the underwriters named therein (the “Representative”), the Representative, on behalf of the underwriters, agreed to partially exercise the over-allotment option to purchase 400,500 Series A Warrants, at a price of $0.01 per warrant and 400,500 Series B Warrants, at a price of $0.01 per warrant. The Series A Warrants were classified within equity and the Series B Warrants were classified as a warrant derivative with a fair value determined to be $980,375 on the date of issuance.

On December 31, 2018, the Company has 6,379,571 Series A Warrants and 6,379,571 Series B Warrants issued and outstanding.

Derivative Financial Instruments

As disclosed in Note 10 of the Company’s financial statements, the Company allocated part of the proceeds of its IPO of the Company’s units consisting of common stock and warrants to the Series B warrants issued in connection with the IPO. The valuations of the Series B warrants issued at the time of the initial closing of the IPO on November 14, 2018 and in the subsequent closing of the “greenshoe” on December 17, 2018 (collectively, the “Warrants”) were determined using Monte Carlo simulation models. These models use inputs such as the underlying price of the shares issued at the measurement date, volatility, risk free interest rate and expected life of the instrument. The Company has classified the Warrants as a current liability due to certain provisions relating to price adjustments with regard to alternate cashless exercises, as well as the holders’ ability to exercise the warrants within twelve months of the reporting date and has accounted for them as derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, adjusting the fair value at the end of each reporting period. Additionally, the Company has determined that the warrant derivative should be classified within Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy by evaluating each input for the Monte Carlo simulation models against the fair-value hierarchy criteria and using the lowest level of input as the basis for the fair-value classification as called for in ASC 820. There are six inputs: closing price of the Company’s stock on the day of evaluation; the exercise price of the warrants; the remaining term of the warrants; the volatility of the Company’s stock over that term; number of warrants; and the risk-free rate of return. Of those inputs, the exercise price of the warrants and the remaining term are readily observable in the warrant agreements, and the number of warrants is publicly reported in the Company’s filings with the SEC. The closing price of the Company’s stock would fall under Level 1 of the fair-value hierarchy as it is a quoted price in an active market (ASC 820-10). The risk-free rate of return is a Level 2 input as defined in ASC 820-10, while the historical volatility is a Level 3 input as defined in ASC 820. Since the lowest level input is a Level 3, the Company determined the warrant derivative is most appropriately classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded pre-tax derivative instrument loss of $14,336,425. The resulting derivative instrument liabilities totaled $23,507,247 at December 31, 2018. By their terms, Management of the Company expects that the Warrants will either be exercised (likely pursuant to the further cashless exercise provision) or expire worthless. The Company calculated the fair value of the Warrants at four different points: (i) the portion issued on November 14, 2018,on both November 14, 2018 and December 31, 2018, and (ii) the portion issued on December 17, 2018, on both December 17, 2018 and December 31, 2018. The expected volatility, risk free interest rates and expected life are all set forth on the table below. The table below presents the Company’s liabilities arising from the Warrants measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates set forth above, with the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall.

Fair Value Measurements of Series B Warrants Using Significant Unobservable

Inputs (Level 3)

The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan

The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) was adopted by the Board of Directors and approved by the shareholders on July 6, 2016. The awards per 2016 Plan may be granted through July 5, 2026 to the Company’s employees, consultants, directors and non-employee directors provided such consultants, directors and non-employee directors render good faith services not in connection with the offer and sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction. The maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the 2016 Plan is 2,000,000 shares, which amount will be (a) reduced by awards granted under the 2016 Plan, and (b) increased to the extent that awards granted under the 2016 Plan are forfeited, expire or are settled for cash (except as otherwise provided in the 2016 Plan). No employee will be eligible to receive more than 125,000 shares of common stock in any calendar year under the 2016 Plan pursuant to the grant of awards.

On January 3, 2017, the Board of Directors of the Company approved and granted to the President/Chief Executive Officer of the Company, an option to purchase One Hundred and Twenty-Five Thousand (125,000) shares of the Company’s Common Stock (“Option”) under the Company’s 2016 Plan. The Option will have an exercise price that is no less than $10.00 per share and will vest over four (4) years, with 25% of the total number of shares subject to the Option vesting on the one (1) year anniversary of the date of grant and, the remainder vesting in equal installments on the last day of each of the thirty-six (36) full calendar months thereafter. Vesting will depend on the Officer’s continued service as an employee with the Company and will be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2016 Plan and the written Stock Option Agreement governing the Option. As of December 31, 2017, the Company estimated the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model was $448,861. The Company recorded compensation expense of $112,215 for each of the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The key valuation assumptions used consist, in part, of the price of the Company’s common stock of $3.60 at the issuance date; a risk-free interest rate of 1.72% and the expected volatility of the Company’s common stock of 315.83% (estimated based on the common stock of comparable public entities). As of December 31, 2018, the unrecognized compensation expense was $224,431 which will be recognized as compensation expense over two (2) years.

The 2018 Equity Incentive Plan

Effective July 1, 2018, the Board of Directors adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). This 2018 Plan supplements, and does not replace, the existing 2016 Equity Incentive Plan. Awards may be granted under the 2018 Plan through June 30, 2023 to the Company’s employees, officers, consultants, and non-employee directors. The maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the 2018 Plan is 1,000,000 shares, which amount will be (a) reduced by awards granted under the 2018 Plan, and (b) increased to the extent that awards granted under the 2018 Plan are forfeited, expire or are settled for cash (except as otherwise provided in the 2018 Plan). No employee will be eligible to receive more than 200,000 shares of common stock in any calendar year under the 2018 Plan pursuant to the grant of awards. On September 12, 2018, the Board of Directors approved an increase in the number of shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under this Plan from 1,000,000 shares to 2,000,000 shares. On September 14, 2018, 1,000,000 shares of common stock underlying awards under the 2018 Plan were granted to the employees and officers, 25% vesting immediately on the date of grant and 25% vesting each year thereafter on the three subsequent anniversaries of the grant date. The Company estimated the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model was $1,241,417. The Company recorded compensation expense of $402,027 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The key valuation assumptions used consist, in part, of the price of the Company’s common stock ranging in price from $3.90 to $4.29 at the issuance date; a risk-free interest rate ranging from 2.86% to 2.92%, and the expected volatility of the Company’s common stock ranging from of 29.8% to 31.1% (estimated based on the common stock of comparable public entities). As of December 31, 2018, the unrecognized compensation expense was $839,390 which will be recognized as compensation expense over 3.71 years.